EN 407:2020 Standard Explained: Thermal Protection Tests, Ratings and Pictograms
EN 407:2020 is the European standard used to evaluate protective gloves and other hand or arm protection against six thermal risks: limited flame spread, contact heat, convective heat, radiant heat, small molten-metal splashes, and large quantities of molten metal. Its six-position performance code reports each test separately, so the results must not be treated as one overall heat-protection score.
EN 407 Answer
- Current technical edition: EN 407:2020
- Primary purpose: Evaluation of protective gloves and other hand protection against thermal risks from heat and/or fire
- Thermal test positions: Six—limited flame spread, contact heat, convective heat, radiant heat, small molten-metal splashes, and large quantities of molten metal
- Performance classification: Generally Levels 1–4 for each individual test, with X or 0 used where applicable
- Related general standard: EN ISO 21420:2020 for protective-glove design, construction, innocuousness, comfort, marking, and manufacturer information
- Important limitation: EN 407 does not by itself establish welding-glove suitability. Protective gloves for welding are specifically covered by EN 12477.
EN 407:2020 at a Glance
EN 407:2020 uses a six-position performance code to report how protective gloves and other hand protection perform against distinct thermal risks. Each position represents a separate laboratory test—limited flame spread, contact heat, convective heat, radiant heat, small molten-metal splashes, or large molten-metal exposure—and must be interpreted independently.
EN 407 Six-Position Rating Summary
| Code Position | Thermal Hazard | Test Area | Performance Range | Main Selection Question |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Limited flame spread | Flame behaviour, including afterflame and afterglow | Levels 1–4, with 0 or X where applicable | How does the tested glove assembly behave after the ignition source is removed? |
| 2 | Contact heat | Direct contact with a heated surface | Levels 1–4, with 0 or X where applicable | At which test temperature was the required threshold time achieved? |
| 3 | Convective heat | Thermal transmission from flames or hot gases | Levels 1–4, with 0 or X where applicable | How effectively does the glove delay convective heat transmission? |
| 4 | Radiant heat | Thermal energy transferred by radiation | Levels 1–4, with 0 or X where applicable | How long does the material delay radiant heat transfer? |
| 5 | Small splashes of molten metal | Repeated small molten-metal droplets | Levels 1–4, with 0 or X where applicable | How many droplets are required to produce the specified temperature rise behind the tested material? |
| 6 | Large quantities of molten metal | Larger molten-metal exposure and defined material damage | Levels 1–4, with 0 or X where applicable | What mass of molten metal can be applied before the defined damage criterion is reached? |
Important: A high EN 407 level in one code position does not establish equivalent performance in the remaining positions. Read the complete model-specific performance code and match every declared result to the thermal hazards identified in the workplace risk assessment.
Expert tip:
Threshold time is the time required during the contact-heat test for the measuring calorimeter behind the tested material to rise by 10°C. Thermal transmission means heat passing through the material or tested glove assembly. A glove assembly is the complete tested combination of layers, such as the outer material, reinforcement, insulation and lining.
What Is the EN 407 Standard?
EN 407:2020 is the European standard specifying performance requirements, laboratory test methods, classifications, marking and manufacturer information for protective gloves and other hand protection against thermal risks. It is applied with EN ISO 21420:2020, which covers general glove design, construction, innocuousness, comfort, marking and information rather than thermal performance itself.
What Is the Purpose of EN 407:2020?
The purpose of EN 407:2020 is to provide a consistent system for testing, classifying and communicating the thermal performance of protective gloves and other hand or arm protection. It allows each claimed thermal property to be assessed under defined laboratory conditions instead of relying on general descriptions such as “heat-resistant.”
EN 407 defines:
- Performance requirements for declared thermal protection.
- Laboratory test methods for each thermal hazard.
- Classification levels for the individual test positions.
- Product marking using the applicable performance code.
- Pictogram use for communicating the declared protection.
- Manufacturer information relating to the product and its intended use.
- Instructions and declared limitations that help users interpret the results correctly.
Important distinction: An EN 407 performance level is a laboratory classification for one defined test. It is not a general guarantee of protection against every source of heat or fire.
What Thermal Hazards Does EN 407 Cover?
EN 407 addresses six forms of thermal risk. Each hazard has its own test method and position within the six-character performance code.
- Limited flame spread: Measures how the tested glove or material continues to flame or glow after the ignition source is removed.
- Contact heat: Measures thermal transmission when the tested material is placed in direct contact with a heated surface.
- Convective heat: Measures heat transferred through exposure to flames or hot gases.
- Radiant heat: Measures heat transferred from a radiant thermal source without direct surface contact.
- Small splashes of molten metal: Measures resistance to repeated small molten-metal droplets.
- Large quantities of molten metal: Measures the amount of molten metal associated with a defined level of damage to the test system.
Who Uses the EN 407 Standard?
EN 407 is used by organizations and professionals that manufacture, test, specify, document, purchase or select protective gloves against thermal risks. BSI specifically identifies glove manufacturers, testers, health and safety departments and safety engineers among its principal users.
Relevant users include:
- Protective-glove manufacturers
- PPE testing laboratories
- Product compliance teams
- Safety managers
- Industrial buyers
- Occupational health and safety professionals
- Workplace risk assessors
- Procurement departments
- PPE distributors and technical specifiers
Why Is EN 407 Important?
Terms such as heat-resistant gloves, high-temperature gloves and thermal protection gloves describe a general product purpose, but they do not identify the exact hazard tested or the performance achieved. EN 407 provides a structured, model-specific performance code that communicates separately declared results for flame, heat and molten-metal exposure.
This distinction helps safety professionals and industrial buyers compare protective gloves using defined test evidence rather than relying on an advertised temperature, material description or unsupported phrase. The ratings must still be considered alongside the product’s intended application, manufacturer information and workplace risk assessment.
EN 407 Scope and Limitations
EN 407:2020 applies to protective gloves and other hand or arm protection intended for defined thermal risks, including heat, flame, and molten-metal exposure. Its scope is limited to thermal performance: it does not assess mechanical, chemical, cold, or electrical protection, and its results apply only to the tested glove assembly and declared test positions.
What Products Can Be Assessed Under EN 407?
EN 407:2020 covers protective gloves and other hand-protection equipment intended to protect all or part of the hand against one or more defined thermal hazards. It applies to products intended for professional, consumer, and domestic use and can also apply to arm-protection equipment within the standard’s scope.
Products within the scope may include:
- Protective gloves designed for one or more EN 407 thermal hazards.
- Mittens and similar hand protectors where their intended thermal protection falls within the standard’s scope.
- Other hand-protection equipment covering all or part of the hand.
- Arm-protection equipment intended to protect part of the arm against relevant thermal risks.
- Protective products for professional use, including industrial and workplace applications.
- Protective products for consumer or domestic use where defined heat or fire hazards are present.
An EN 407 marking does not mean that every product has been tested for all six thermal hazards. Buyers must read the complete model-specific performance code, including any numerical levels, X, or 0 markings.
What Does EN 407 Not Measure?
EN 407 evaluates thermal risks only. It does not determine performance against mechanical, chemical, cold, or electrical hazards, and it does not establish complete suitability for welding or firefighting. Those hazards and applications are addressed through other product-specific or hazard-specific standards.
EN 407 does not measure:
- Abrasion resistance
- Blade-cut resistance
- ISO 13997 cut resistance
- Tear resistance
- Puncture resistance
- Impact protection
- Chemical resistance
- Cold protection
- Electrical protection
- Complete welding-glove suitability
- Complete firefighter-glove suitability
Mechanical properties such as abrasion, cuts, tears, punctures, and optional impact are evaluated under EN 388, not EN 407. EN 407:2020 also explicitly excludes welding gloves and firefighter gloves because those products have their own specific standards.
Important limitation: An EN 407 performance level reports laboratory performance for one specific thermal test. It does not prove protection against hazards outside that test position or guarantee performance in every workplace condition.
Does EN 407 Apply Directly to Welding Gloves?
No. EN 407:2020 does not directly establish welding-glove suitability because welding gloves are covered by the welding-specific standard EN 12477. EN 12477 specifies requirements and test methods for gloves used in manual metal welding, cutting, and allied processes and incorporates relevant thermal test methods associated with EN 407 alongside mechanical and dexterity requirements.
Relevant EN 407 thermal results can help explain a welding glove’s performance against:
- Limited flame exposure
- Contact heat
- Convective heat
- Small molten-metal splashes
However, an EN 407 rating alone should not be presented as proof that a glove is suitable for MIG, TIG, Stick welding, cutting, or every welding environment. Buyers must also verify the applicable EN 12477 classification, mechanical performance, glove construction, dexterity, intended application, and model-specific documentation.
How Does EN 407 Relate to EN ISO 21420?
EN ISO 21420 provides the general foundation for protective gloves, while EN 407 adds thermal-risk requirements, tests, and classifications. EN ISO 21420 addresses glove design and construction, innocuousness, comfort, efficiency, sizing, marking, and manufacturer information, but it does not independently assess protection against heat or fire.
The relationship can be understood as follows:
- EN ISO 21420: General protective-glove requirements and test procedures.
- EN 407: Hazard-specific testing and classification for thermal risks.
- Complete assessment: The general requirements and the applicable thermal requirements must be considered together.
EN 407:2020 specifically states that it is used in conjunction with EN ISO 21420:2020. Current product documentation should identify the exact editions and amendments applied to the tested glove model.
Specialist tip: Check the complete model-specific EN 407 code and manufacturer documentation. Compliance of one material or component does not automatically establish the performance of the complete glove assembly.
How to Read the EN 407 Pictogram and Rating Code
The EN 407:2020 performance code is read from left to right beneath the applicable thermal-risk pictogram. Each of its six positions represents a separate laboratory test. A position may contain a declared performance level from 1 to 4, an X where no level is claimed, or a 0 where Level 1 was not achieved.
What Do the Six EN 407 Rating Positions Mean?
The six-character code always follows the same order. Letters A–F may be used in educational diagrams to identify the positions, but buyers must interpret the actual number, X, or 0 printed beneath the pictogram.
| Position | Reference Label | Thermal Test | Possible Marking | What the Position Indicates |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | Limited flame spread | 1–4, X or 0 | Afterflame and afterglow behaviour after the ignition source is removed. |
| 2 | B | Contact heat | 1–4, X or 0 | The contact temperature at which the required threshold time was achieved. |
| 3 | C | Convective heat | 1–4, X or 0 | The delay in thermal transmission from flames or hot gases. |
| 4 | D | Radiant heat | 1–4, X or 0 | The delay in heat transfer from a radiant thermal source. |
| 5 | E | Small splashes of molten metal | 1–4, X or 0 | The number of small molten-metal droplets associated with the specified temperature rise. |
| 6 | F | Large quantities of molten metal | 1–4, X or 0 | The molten-metal mass associated with the defined damage criterion. |
Conclusion: The six positions form one model-specific performance code, but every position reports a different thermal test and must be interpreted separately.
EN 407:2020 identifies six thermal properties in this fixed order. Only tests relevant to the product’s intended use need to be carried out, so some positions may not contain a declared numerical level.
EN 407 Rating-Code Diagram
EN 407 Rating-Code Diagram
What Is the Difference Between the EN 407 Pictograms?
EN 407:2020 uses two alternative thermal-risk pictograms. The pictogram containing a flame is used when the product claims at least Level 1 for limited flame spread. The heat-only or hot-contact pictogram is used when no limited flame-spread level is claimed. The two pictograms must not appear together on the same marking.
What Is the Difference Between the EN 407 Pictograms?
EN 407:2020 uses different pictogram presentations to distinguish protection that includes a declared limited flame-spread level from thermal protection where flame performance is not claimed.
Flame Pictogram
Limited flame-spread protection is declared
Use the flame pictogram when:
- Limited flame spread has been tested.
- The glove claims a limited flame-spread performance of at least Level 1.
- Other EN 407 thermal results may also be declared beneath the pictogram.
- The first position of the six-position code contains a declared numerical level from 1 to 4.
Heat-Only Pictogram
Thermal performance is declared without a flame claim
Use the heat-only pictogram when:
- The product does not claim limited flame-spread protection.
- At least one other applicable EN 407 thermal property is declared.
- The first code position does not contain a declared flame level from 1 to 4.
- Manufacturer information clearly states that limited flame-spread protection is not claimed.
What Does X Mean in an EN 407 Rating?
X means that no performance level is declared for that EN 407 test position. The test may not have been carried out, may not have been relevant or applicable to the product’s intended use, or the manufacturer may not claim performance for that property. X is not a numerical rating and should not automatically be interpreted as a failed test.
Buyers should consult the manufacturer’s instructions and model-specific documentation to determine why X appears and whether the unclaimed thermal property is relevant to the workplace risk assessment.
What Does 0 Mean in an EN 407 Rating?
A 0 means that the relevant test was performed but the product did not achieve the minimum requirement for Level 1 in that position. Unlike X, which indicates that no performance level is declared, 0 records that the lowest numerical classification was not reached under the applicable laboratory test conditions.
A zero must not be treated as thermal protection. Buyers should determine whether that test area is relevant to the intended task before selecting the product.
X vs 0 in an EN 407 Rating
| Marking | Meaning | Correct Interpretation | Buyer Action |
|---|---|---|---|
| X | No performance level is declared | The property may not have been tested, may not have been applicable, or is not claimed for the model. | Check the intended use and manufacturer documentation; do not assume either protection or failure. |
| 0 | Level 1 was not achieved | The applicable test was performed, but the minimum numerical classification was not reached. | Do not rely on that position for protection against the relevant thermal hazard. |
| 1–4 | Declared performance level | The number applies only to the specific test represented by that code position. | Match the declared level and test conditions to the workplace risk assessment. |
Conclusion: X, 0, and Levels 1–4 communicate different information. None should be interpreted without identifying the thermal test position in which it appears.
Example—How to Read an EN 407 Code
The following code is an illustrative example only:
4132XX
Read the code from left to right:
- First position—Limited flame spread: Level 4
The product achieved Level 4 in the limited flame-spread test. This result applies only to flame behaviour, including the applicable afterflame and afterglow requirements. - Second position—Contact heat: Level 1
The tested assembly achieved the Level 1 contact-heat requirement at a test temperature of 100°C, with a threshold time of at least 15 seconds under laboratory conditions. - Third position—Convective heat: Level 3
The product achieved Level 3 for convective heat, based on the applicable heat-transfer index. - Fourth position—Radiant heat: Level 2
The product achieved Level 2 in the radiant-heat test. - Fifth position—Small molten-metal splashes: X
No performance level is declared for small molten-metal splashes. - Sixth position—Large quantities of molten metal: X
No performance level is declared for large quantities of molten metal.
The numerical classifications and thresholds relate to different laboratory methods. For example, contact heat uses a heated surface and threshold-time measurement, while convective and radiant heat use different heat-transfer methods.
Specialist note: The code 4132XX is an educational example. It must not be described as an ARASWELD model-specific performance code unless the exact glove model, EN 407 edition, test documentation, certificate, and EU Declaration of Conformity verify those results.
EN 407 Tests and Performance Levels
EN 407:2020 uses six separate laboratory tests to classify protection against flame, contact heat, convective heat, radiant heat, and molten-metal exposure. Each test uses different equipment, measurements, thresholds, and classification criteria. Therefore, a Level 4 result in one code position cannot be directly compared with Level 4 in another position or treated as an overall heat-protection score.
Important EN 407:2020 rule: To declare Level 3 or Level 4 for contact heat, convective heat, radiant heat, small molten-metal splashes, or large quantities of molten metal, the product must also achieve at least Level 3 for limited flame spread. Otherwise, the highest reportable result for that property is Level 2.
Limited Flame Spread — EN 407 Position 1
Limited flame spread measures how long the tested glove continues to flame or glow after a controlled ignition source is removed. It also examines melting, hole formation, seam integrity, and flaming debris. A numerical rating reports defined laboratory behaviour only; it does not mean the glove is fireproof, non-combustible, or suitable for every flame-exposure condition.
What Does the Limited Flame-Spread Test Measure?
- Afterflame time: How long visible flaming continues after the ignition source is removed.
- Afterglow time: How long glowing combustion continues after flaming stops.
- Melting of the innermost layer
- Hole formation through the tested layers
- Seam separation
- Molten or flaming debris
- Continued combustion after flame removal
EN 407 Limited Flame-Spread Levels
| Performance Level | Maximum Afterflame Time | Maximum Afterglow Time | Practical Interpretation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ≤ 15 seconds | No requirement | Lowest declared flame-behaviour classification |
| 2 | ≤ 10 seconds | ≤ 120 seconds | Reduced afterflame and controlled afterglow |
| 3 | ≤ 3 seconds | ≤ 25 seconds | More demanding flame-behaviour classification |
| 4 | ≤ 2 seconds | ≤ 5 seconds | Highest classification within this test |
Conclusion: Higher classifications require shorter afterflame and afterglow times, but the result applies only to limited flame spread and does not establish performance against other thermal hazards.
Contact Heat Resistance — EN 407 Position 2
Contact heat resistance measures thermal transmission through the tested glove assembly when it touches a heated surface. The test records the threshold time required for the calorimeter behind the material to rise 10°C above its starting temperature. EN 407 classifies performance at test temperatures from 100°C to 500°C, with a minimum threshold time of 15 seconds.
How Is the EN 407 Contact Heat Test Performed?
The tested material or glove assembly is placed against a heated cylinder at the specified temperature. A calorimeter measures heat passing through the layers. The threshold time ends when the calorimeter temperature has increased by 10°C. The laboratory result depends on the tested materials, reinforcement, insulation, lining, contact temperature, and complete construction—not only the outer leather or fabric.
EN 407 Contact Heat Levels
| Performance Level | Test Temperature | Minimum Threshold Time | What the Result Means |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 100°C / 212°F | ≥ 15 seconds | Threshold time achieved under laboratory conditions |
| 2 | 250°C / 482°F | ≥ 15 seconds | Threshold time achieved under laboratory conditions |
| 3 | 350°C / 662°F | ≥ 15 seconds | Threshold time achieved under laboratory conditions |
| 4 | 500°C / 932°F | ≥ 15 seconds | Threshold time achieved under laboratory conditions |
Conclusion: The level identifies the laboratory contact temperature at which the required threshold time was achieved; it is not a recommended continuous-handling temperature.
What Does EN 407 Contact Heat Level 4 Mean?
EN 407 contact heat Level 4 means the tested glove assembly achieved a threshold time of at least 15 seconds during laboratory contact with a surface heated to 500°C. It does not mean the wearer can safely hold every 500°C object for 15 seconds, because workplace protection also depends on pressure, surface area, conductivity, glove condition, and construction.
Does 500°C Mean Continuous Safe Handling?
No. A 500°C contact-heat result is a laboratory classification, not a continuous-use temperature rating. Real-world heat transfer can change according to contact duration, pressure, object size, metal conductivity, insulation, lining, moisture, wear, contamination, and manufacturer limitations. Repeated contact may also allow heat to accumulate inside the glove even when each individual exposure is brief.
Convective Heat Resistance — EN 407 Position 3
Convective heat resistance measures heat transmitted through the glove when the tested material is exposed to flame or hot gases. Performance is classified using the heat-transfer index, measured in seconds. A longer index indicates a greater delay before the defined quantity of heat passes through the tested assembly, but it does not measure direct hot-surface contact or radiant heat.
How Is Convective Heat Different From Contact Heat?
- Contact heat: Direct physical contact with a heated object or surface.
- Convective heat: Heat transferred through flame, hot gases, or heated airflow.
- Radiant heat: Thermal energy transferred by radiation without direct contact.
EN 407 Convective Heat Levels
| Performance Level | Minimum Heat-Transfer Index | Practical Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ≥ 4 seconds | Lowest declared convective-heat classification |
| 2 | ≥ 7 seconds | Increased heat-transfer delay |
| 3 | ≥ 10 seconds | Higher convective-heat performance |
| 4 | ≥ 18 seconds | Highest classification within this test |
Conclusion: A higher convective-heat level indicates a longer laboratory heat-transfer delay, but it does not predict contact-heat or radiant-heat performance.
Convective Heat Selection Considerations
- Type and intensity of the heat source
- Flame proximity
- Hot-gas movement
- Airflow
- Exposure duration
- Glove insulation
- Complete glove construction
- Fit and coverage
- Glove condition
Radiant Heat Resistance — EN 407 Position 4
Radiant heat resistance measures how effectively the tested material delays thermal energy emitted by a hot source without direct contact. The classification is based on heat-transfer time under controlled radiant exposure. Reflective surfaces, insulation, material thickness, and complete glove construction can affect performance. The result must be interpreted separately from contact-heat and convective-heat ratings.
Examples of Radiant Heat Exposure
- Furnaces
- Molten-metal operations
- Heated industrial equipment
- Hot processing lines
- Large heated surfaces
- Foundries
- Glass manufacturing
- High-temperature production environments
EN 407 Radiant Heat Levels
| Performance Level | Minimum Heat-Transfer Time | Practical Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ≥ 7 seconds | Lowest declared radiant-heat classification |
| 2 | ≥ 20 seconds | Increased radiant-heat delay |
| 3 | ≥ 50 seconds | Higher radiant-heat performance |
| 4 | ≥ 95 seconds | Highest classification within this test |
Conclusion: The radiant-heat level reports heat-transfer delay under controlled radiation exposure and does not indicate how the glove performs when touching a hot object.
Radiant Heat vs Contact Heat
Radiant heat reaches the glove from a hot source without direct physical contact, while contact heat passes through the glove from a surface being touched. Because these tests use different heat-transfer mechanisms and procedures, a glove may achieve a strong radiant-heat result but a lower contact-heat result, or the reverse. Both ratings must be checked when both hazards are present.
Small Splashes of Molten Metal — EN 407 Position 5
The small molten-metal splash test measures the number of standardized molten droplets required to raise the temperature behind the tested material by 40°C. A higher level requires a greater number of droplets. The test represents repeated localized molten-metal exposure and should not be treated as a general rating for sparks, grinding debris, or every type of welding spatter.
What Does the Small-Splash Test Represent?
- Repeated small molten-metal droplets
- Localized thermal exposure
- Droplet adhesion or run-off behaviour
- Heat transmitted through the material
- Exposure different from solid sparks
- Exposure different from large molten-metal quantities
EN 407 Small Molten-Metal Splash Levels
| Performance Level | Minimum Number of Droplets | Practical Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ≥ 10 | Lowest declared small-splash classification |
| 2 | ≥ 15 | Increased resistance to repeated droplets |
| 3 | ≥ 25 | Higher small-splash performance |
| 4 | ≥ 35 | Highest classification within this test |
Conclusion: The rating is based on the number of standardized droplets required to produce the specified temperature rise, not on a general promise of resistance to all molten particles.
Sparks vs Welding Spatter vs Molten-Metal Droplets
| Exposure | Description | Relevant Selection Consideration |
|---|---|---|
| Sparks | Small hot solid particles commonly produced during grinding or cutting | Temperature, quantity, trajectory, and exposure duration |
| Welding Spatter | Molten or semi-molten particles expelled during welding | Welding process, amperage, position, and spatter intensity |
| Standardized Molten-Metal Droplets | Controlled liquid-metal droplets used in the laboratory test | Exact model result, test method, and intended application |
Conclusion: These exposures are related but not identical, so an EN 407 small-splash level should not automatically be treated as a universal welding-spatter rating.
Large Quantities of Molten Metal — EN 407 Position 6
The large molten-metal test evaluates how much molten iron can contact the tested material before a defined change occurs in a PVC skin-simulant placed behind it. It also examines ignition, melting, holes, and material-system behaviour. The result applies to the standardized molten-iron test conditions and does not establish identical performance against every metal or alloy.
What Does the Large Molten-Metal Test Evaluate?
- Mass of molten iron
- Thermal transmission
- Defined damage to the skin simulant
- Material adhesion
- Penetration
- Melting or hole formation
- Ignition or degradation
- Complete material-assembly performance
Does One Molten-Metal Result Apply to Every Metal?
No. Molten-metal behaviour can vary significantly according to the metal, alloy composition, pouring temperature, quantity, contact duration, viscosity, adhesion, and glove construction. A result achieved with molten iron should not automatically be applied to aluminium, copper, steel alloys, or other metals. Buyers must confirm whether the documented test and intended use match the actual molten-metal hazard.
Selection should consider:
- Metal type
- Alloy composition
- Pour temperature
- Quantity
- Contact duration
- Material adhesion
- Glove construction
- Cuff coverage
- Manufacturer limitations
How to Interpret EN 407 Performance Levels Correctly
EN 407:2020 performance levels must be interpreted within the specific test position where they appear. Contact heat, convective heat, radiant heat, flame behaviour, and molten-metal resistance use different laboratory procedures and measurements. The complete six-position code provides a thermal-performance profile, but it is not one overall score and must be matched to the workplace risk assessment.
Are EN 407 Levels Directly Comparable?
No. EN 407 levels from different code positions are not directly comparable. Level 4 contact heat is based on performance against a heated surface, while Level 4 radiant heat measures heat-transfer delay under radiant exposure. Molten-metal classifications use different criteria again. Identical numbers therefore represent different test methods, thresholds, units, and thermal hazards—not equivalent degrees of protection.
Does Level 4 Mean Maximum Overall Heat Protection?
No. Level 4 is only the highest classification available within the specific EN 407 test position where it appears. A glove rated Level 4 for contact heat may have lower, undeclared, or unsuccessful results for flame spread, radiant heat, convective heat, or molten metal. It must not be described as providing the highest overall thermal protection.
Why Is the Complete Six-Position Code Important?
The complete EN 407 code shows which thermal properties were declared for the exact glove model. Reading only one high rating can hide lower, undeclared, or unachieved performance elsewhere in the code. Buyers should interpret every position separately and compare the full code with the identified workplace hazards, exposure conditions, product instructions, and model-specific documentation.
- Every position measures a different thermal hazard.
- Some positions may contain X or 0 instead of a numerical level.
- One high score cannot compensate for an untested or unclaimed hazard.
- The full code provides a broader thermal-performance profile.
- Selection must match the hazards identified in the workplace risk assessment.
Laboratory Testing vs Real-World Protection
EN 407 classifications report performance under controlled laboratory conditions using defined temperatures, exposure periods, test surfaces, pressure, and new specimens. Real workplaces may involve repeated exposure, changing temperatures, different metals, variable handling pressure, contamination, moisture, damaged seams, or worn insulation. These conditions can produce different heat-transfer behaviour from the conditions represented by the original laboratory test.
| Laboratory Factor | Real-World Variable | Why It Matters |
|---|---|---|
| Controlled Temperature | Changing workplace temperatures | Actual temperatures may rise, fall, or vary between workpieces and repeated operations. |
| Defined Exposure Duration | Repeated or prolonged exposure | Heat may accumulate within the glove during repeated handling, even when each contact is brief. |
| Controlled Test Surface | Different metals, alloys, and materials | Thermal conductivity and surface condition influence how quickly heat transfers into the glove. |
| New Test Specimen | Worn, wet, damaged, or contaminated glove | Moisture, holes, hardened materials, failed seams, and damaged insulation may reduce protection. |
| Defined Contact Pressure | Variable grip or handling pressure | Greater pressure may increase contact between the hot surface and the glove assembly. |
| Specific Tested Area | Seams, cuffs, fingertips, and other glove areas | Protection may vary across the glove according to construction, layering, reinforcement, and coverage. |
Conclusion: EN 407:2020 ratings describe controlled laboratory performance, while real-world protection also depends on exposure time, temperature, pressure, material conductivity, glove construction, condition, and correct use. The rating must therefore be interpreted with the product instructions and workplace risk assessment.
Specialist note: EN 407 reports controlled laboratory performance. It does not guarantee unlimited protection in every workplace condition. Inspect the glove before use and verify the complete model-specific code, intended application, tested protection area, and manufacturer limitations.
EN 407 Applications and Workplace Thermal Hazards
EN 407 glove selection should begin with the specific thermal hazard, not only the industry or job title. Direct contact with hot objects, flame, heated gases, radiant energy, and molten metal are evaluated through different test positions. The required rating must reflect the exposure temperature, duration, frequency, material, and conditions identified in the workplace risk assessment.
| Workplace Hazard | Relevant EN 407 Position | Test Area | Selection Consideration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Direct Handling of Hot Objects | Position 2 | Contact heat | Object temperature, contact pressure, surface area, conductivity, and handling time |
| Brief Flame Exposure | Position 1 | Limited flame spread | Afterflame time, afterglow time, melting, holes, and seam behaviour |
| Hot Gases or Moving Heated Air | Position 3 | Convective heat | Heat-transfer delay, air movement, flame proximity, and exposure duration |
| Furnaces and Large Hot Surfaces | Position 4 | Radiant heat | Radiant intensity, distance from the source, exposure frequency, and duration |
| Repeated Small Molten Droplets | Position 5 | Small splashes of molten metal | Droplet quantity, frequency, temperature, adhesion, and affected glove area |
| Molten-Metal Pouring or Casting | Position 6 | Large quantities of molten metal | Metal type, alloy, pouring temperature, quantity, adhesion, and exposure duration |
Conclusion: Each workplace thermal hazard corresponds to a different EN 407 test position. The correct protective-glove rating should therefore be selected from the actual exposure—not from the industry name, one high score, or a general phrase such as “high-temperature gloves.”
Industries Where EN 407 Ratings May Be Relevant
EN 407 ratings may be relevant wherever workers handle hot materials or face flame, radiant heat, convective heat, or molten-metal exposure. However, the required code cannot be selected from the industry name alone because tasks within the same workplace may involve very different temperatures, exposure durations, materials, and thermal-transfer mechanisms.
Relevant industries and work environments may include:
- Foundries
- Metal casting
- Heat-treatment facilities
- Glass manufacturing
- Industrial ovens
- Metal processing
- Hot-material handling
- Commercial kitchens
- Bakeries
- Manufacturing plants
- Steel production
- Heavy fabrication
Specialist note: Do not describe one EN 407 performance code as suitable for an entire industry. The required test positions and levels must match the exact task, intended application, and workplace risk assessment.
EN 407:2020 vs EN 407:2004
EN 407:2020 superseded the 2004 technical edition and revised the standard’s scope, test provisions, mechanical-strength requirements, marking, manufacturer information, and annexes. The 2020 edition also added coverage for other hand-protection equipment and introduced a new pictogram. Buyers must check the exact edition declared in the model-specific documentation.
| Comparison Area | EN 407:2004 | EN 407:2020 | Why It Matters |
|---|---|---|---|
| Technical Status | Earlier edition, superseded by the 2020 technical edition | Current technical edition listed by BSI | Buyers must identify which edition appears in the product’s performance and conformity documentation. |
| Scope | Earlier scope focused on protective gloves against thermal risks | Revised scope covering protective gloves and other hand or arm protective equipment | The revised scope clarifies product and application coverage. |
| General Glove Standard | Used with the earlier general protective-glove framework | Applied in conjunction with EN ISO 21420:2020 | Thermal testing is connected to current requirements for design, construction, marking, and manufacturer information. |
| Pictogram and Marking | Earlier pictogram and marking framework | New pictogram added and marking provisions revised | The marking distinguishes thermal claims that include declared limited flame-spread performance from those that do not. |
| Mechanical Strength | Earlier mechanical provisions | Mechanical-strength requirements added or revised | The protective assembly must retain suitable physical integrity for its intended thermal-protection role. |
| Test Provisions | Earlier test procedures | New or revised tests introduced in several clauses | Results should be interpreted according to the exact declared standard edition. |
| Manufacturer Information | Earlier information requirements | Manufacturer-information provisions revised | Product limitations, protected areas, intended use, and marking information must be communicated correctly. |
| Annexes | Earlier annex structure | New Annex A and Annex B introduced | The revised annexes provide additional examples and guidance for product types and relevant testing. |
Conclusion: EN 407:2020 is not only a date update. It changes parts of the scope, testing, mechanical requirements, pictograms, marking, and manufacturer information. Performance codes and certificates should therefore always be interpreted with the exact standard edition declared for the product.
EN 407 Pictogram Changes
EN 407:2020 introduced a second pictogram to distinguish thermal protection without a limited flame-spread claim. The flame-related pictogram is used where at least Level 1 limited flame-spread performance is declared. The heat-only pictogram is used where other thermal properties are declared but flame protection is not claimed. The six-position code remains necessary beneath the applicable pictogram.
- Flame-related pictogram: Used when limited flame-spread performance is declared at Level 1–4.
- Heat-only pictogram: Used when flame performance is not claimed, but at least one other applicable thermal result is declared.
- First code position: Usually contains
Xor0where no flame level is declared. - Buyer check: Confirm the pictogram, six-position code, standard edition, and manufacturer information.
- Important limitation: A heat-only pictogram must not be interpreted as flame protection.
Key point: The pictogram identifies the type of thermal claim, while the six-position code identifies the individual declared performance results.
Current Technical Edition vs Harmonized Standard Reference
The current technical edition and the EU harmonized-standard reference are not currently the same. BSI lists EN 407:2020 as the current technical edition and identifies EN 407:2004 as superseded. However, Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2026/1279 currently lists EN 407:2004 as the harmonized reference supporting PPE Regulation (EU) 2016/425.
This distinction matters because:
- Technical edition: Identifies the latest published technical requirements and test framework.
- Harmonized reference: Identifies the edition published in the Official Journal for presumption of conformity with covered requirements.
- Product documentation: Must state the exact standard edition used.
- EU Declaration of Conformity: Should be checked for the standards and editions declared by the manufacturer.
- EU type-examination: Should be reviewed together with the exact model, certificate scope, and applicable edition.
- Buyer verification: The current Official Journal reference should be checked because harmonized-standard lists can change.
Last reviewed: 12 July 2026. As of this review date, Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2026/1279 lists EN 407:2004, not EN 407:2020, in the harmonized PPE standards list.
How EN 407 Relates to Other Protective-Glove Standards
EN 407:2020 provides thermal-risk requirements, but it does not operate as a complete protective-glove system by itself. EN ISO 21420 supplies general glove requirements, EN 388 evaluates mechanical risks, and EN 12477 addresses welding-specific gloves. These standards have different scopes and should be combined only where applicable to the exact glove model and intended use.
EN 407 and EN ISO 21420
EN ISO 21420 provides the general foundation for protective gloves. It covers glove design and construction, innocuousness, comfort, efficiency, sizing, marking, and information supplied by the manufacturer. These general requirements help establish that the glove is appropriately designed and documented, but they do not independently measure protection against heat or fire.
EN 407:2020 adds the hazard-specific thermal requirements, including limited flame spread, contact heat, convective heat, radiant heat, and molten-metal exposure. Therefore, EN ISO 21420 describes the general glove framework, while EN 407 provides the model-specific thermal performance code. EN 407:2020 states that it is applied in conjunction with EN ISO 21420:2020
EN 407 and EN 388
EN 407 and EN 388 evaluate different protection areas. EN 407 covers thermal risks such as flame behaviour, contact heat, convective heat, radiant heat, and molten metal. EN 388 covers mechanical risks, including abrasion, blade cuts, tears, punctures, ISO 13997 cut resistance, and optional impact.
Neither standard replaces the other. A protective glove may carry ratings under both when it is intended for combined mechanical and thermal hazards. Buyers must read each performance code separately and match the results to the workplace risk assessment rather than treating the two standards as directly comparable.
EN 407 and EN 12477
EN 12477 is the product-specific standard for protective gloves used in manual metal welding, cutting, and allied processes. EN 407 is not, by itself, the complete welding-glove standard. Welding-glove assessment must also consider relevant mechanical protection, construction, dimensions, wrist coverage, and dexterity.
Thermal performance remains important because welding may involve flame, contact heat, convective heat, and molten-metal droplets. However, an EN 407 result alone should not be presented as proof of suitability for MIG, TIG, Stick welding, or every welding task. The exact EN 12477 classification and model-specific documentation must also be verified.
Standards Relationship Summary
| Standard | Main Purpose | Main Hazards or Requirements | Role in Glove Selection |
|---|---|---|---|
| EN ISO 21420 | General protective-glove requirements | Design, construction, innocuousness, comfort, sizing, marking, and manufacturer information | Provides the general foundation for protective-glove design and documentation |
| EN 388 | Mechanical protection | Abrasion, blade cuts, ISO 13997 cut resistance, tears, punctures, and optional impact | Defines the model's mechanical-risk performance profile |
| EN 407 | Thermal protection | Limited flame spread, contact heat, convective heat, radiant heat, and molten-metal exposure | Defines the model's thermal-risk performance profile |
| EN 12477 | Protective gloves for welders | Welding-specific thermal and mechanical protection, construction, dimensions, coverage, and dexterity | Provides the welding-specific suitability framework |
Conclusion: EN ISO 21420 provides the general glove foundation, EN 388 describes mechanical performance, EN 407 describes thermal performance, and EN 12477 addresses welding-specific glove requirements. These standards have complementary roles and should not be treated as interchangeable.
EN 407 Certification, CE Marking and Documentation
EN 407 testing produces thermal performance classifications, while CE marking and certification relate to the broader conformity-assessment requirements of PPE Regulation (EU) 2016/425. A laboratory result, performance code, EU type-examination certificate, EU Declaration of Conformity, and CE marking are connected documents or processes, but they are not the same thing.
EN 407 testing supports thermal-performance classification, while CE marking and conformity assessment are governed by PPE Regulation (EU) 2016/425.
EN 407 Testing vs Product Certification
| Term | Meaning | What Buyers Should Check |
|---|---|---|
| Laboratory Test | Controlled evaluation of a specific thermal performance characteristic | Test method, standard edition, tested area, exact model, and declared result |
| Performance Code | The six declared EN 407 classifications shown in their fixed code positions | Complete code, pictogram, X or 0 markings, and model-specific documentation |
| EU Type-Examination | A notified body examines the technical design of the PPE and verifies whether the product type meets the applicable requirements | Certificate number, exact model, standard editions, notified body, scope, and certificate validity |
| CE Marking | The manufacturer's marking indicating conformity with applicable EU product requirements | Visible marking, product identification, accompanying documentation, and notified-body number where applicable |
| EU Declaration of Conformity | The manufacturer's formal statement that the applicable essential health and safety requirements have been demonstrated | Exact PPE model, manufacturer, Regulation (EU) 2016/425, standards and editions, and certificate references |
| Notified Body | An organization designated by an EU country to perform specified third-party conformity-assessment tasks | Name, four-digit identification number, NANDO listing, authorized PPE scope, and role in the assessment |
Conclusion: An EN 407 laboratory result is not the same as CE marking or product certification. Buyers should connect the performance code, exact glove model, EU type-examination certificate, EU Declaration of Conformity, and manufacturer information before accepting a thermal-protection claim.
What Does CE Marking Mean for EN 407 Gloves?
CE marking indicates that the manufacturer declares the PPE complies with the applicable requirements of EU legislation, including PPE Regulation (EU) 2016/425. It does not mean that every EN 407 test achieved a numerical level, that the glove protects against every thermal hazard, or that protection is unlimited. Buyers must still inspect the complete performance code, category, documentation, and intended application.
Category II vs Category III PPE
PPE category is determined by the risk against which the product is intended to protect—not simply by the presence of an EN 407 marking. Category II covers risks not included in Categories I or III. Category III covers defined risks that may cause death or irreversible damage to health, including qualifying high-temperature environments.
| PPE Category | Risk Context | Conformity-Assessment Procedure | CE-Marking Consideration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Category II | Risks other than those classified as Category I minimal risks or Category III very serious risks | EU type-examination under Module B, followed by conformity to type based on internal production control under Module C | CE marking applies, but the production-stage notified-body number used for Category III does not follow the CE mark |
| Category III | Defined risks that may cause death or irreversible damage to health, including qualifying high-temperature environments | EU type-examination under Module B, followed by either supervised product checks under Module C2 or production-quality assurance under Module D | The CE marking is followed by the identification number of the notified body involved in Module C2 or Module D surveillance |
Conclusion: Category II and Category III PPE both require EU type-examination, but Category III also requires ongoing notified-body involvement through supervised product checks or production-quality assurance. An EN 407 code alone does not determine the product's PPE category.
What Is the Role of a Notified Body?
A notified body is an organization designated by an EU country to perform specified third-party conformity-assessment tasks. For Category II and Category III PPE, it conducts the EU type-examination and may issue the associated certificate. For Category III, a notified body also performs random product checks or audits the manufacturer’s production-quality system, depending on the selected conformity procedure.
Buyers should distinguish between:
- Laboratory testing: Measures a defined product characteristic.
- EU type-examination: Assesses the PPE product type against applicable legal requirements.
- Certificate issuance: Documents the approved product type and scope.
- Production surveillance: Applies to Category III under Module C2 or Module D.
- Notified-body identification: Must be verified against its authorized PPE scope in the European Commission’s NANDO database.
What Should Buyers Verify in EN 407 Documentation?
Industrial buyers should verify the complete chain of model-specific evidence rather than relying on an EN 407 pictogram or marketing statement. The product marking, performance code, certificate, EU Declaration of Conformity, manufacturer instructions, and intended application should all identify or clearly relate to the same glove model.
- Exact glove model: Confirm the model or product-reference number.
- Manufacturer identity: Check the legal manufacturer’s name and address.
- Standard edition: Verify whether the documentation declares EN 407:2004, EN 407:2020, or another applicable edition.
- Complete performance code: Read all six EN 407 positions, including X or 0.
- Applicable pictogram: Confirm whether flame performance is declared or the heat-only pictogram is used.
- Tested protection area: Check whether results apply to the palm, back of hand, cuff, or another defined area.
- EU Declaration of Conformity: Confirm the exact model, Regulation (EU) 2016/425, and cited standards.
- EU type-examination certificate: Verify the certificate number, notified body, product scope, and validity.
- PPE category: Confirm whether the product is Category II or Category III.
- Notified-body role: For Category III, verify the body responsible for Module C2 or Module D surveillance.
- Intended application: Confirm the thermal hazards and tasks for which the glove is designed.
- Manufacturer limitations: Review excluded hazards, exposure restrictions, and warnings.
- Instructions for use: Check fitting, donning, storage, cleaning, and disposal information.
- Care and inspection guidance: Review replacement criteria for worn, wet, contaminated, hardened, or damaged gloves.
Specialist note: A certificate belonging to one glove model, material, or product family should not automatically be applied to another model. The model identifier, declared performance code, standard edition, and supporting conformity documents must agree.
How to Choose EN 407 Protective Gloves
Choose EN 407 protective gloves by matching the complete six-position performance code to the thermal hazards identified in the workplace risk assessment. Check the standard edition, temperature, exposure duration, glove construction, intended use, and model-specific documentation. Do not select a glove from one performance level, material description, pictogram, or advertised temperature alone.
1. Identify the Thermal Hazard
First determine which form of thermal exposure is present:
- Limited flame exposure
- Contact heat from hot objects or surfaces
- Convective heat from flames or hot gases
- Radiant heat from furnaces or heated equipment
- Small molten-metal droplets
- Large quantities of molten metal
Each hazard corresponds to a different EN 407 test position.
2. Read the Complete EN 407 Code
Review all six code positions in their correct order:
- Check every declared Level 1–4 result.
- Identify any X or 0 markings.
- Do not rely on one isolated high level.
- Confirm whether the model declares EN 407:2020 or another edition.
- Verify that the code belongs to the exact glove model.
3. Match the Rating to the Exposure
Compare the declared performance with the actual conditions:
- Temperature
- Exposure duration
- Exposure frequency
- Contact pressure
- Contact surface area
- Workpiece thermal conductivity
- Distance from the heat source
- Environmental conditions
A laboratory rating must be interpreted together with these workplace variables.
4. Evaluate the Complete Glove Construction
Thermal performance depends on the tested glove assembly, not only the outer material. Review:
- Outer leather or textile
- Material thickness and structure
- Thermal insulation
- Lining
- Seams
- Reinforcement
- Cuff length
- Wrist and forearm coverage
- Dexterity
- Fit
The construction must provide suitable protection without creating unsafe loss of control.
5. Verify Model-Specific Documentation
Confirm that all evidence applies to the exact product:
- Glove model or reference number
- Complete EN 407 performance code
- Standard edition
- EU type-examination certificate, where applicable
- EU Declaration of Conformity
- Intended use
- Tested protection area
- Manufacturer limitations
Do not apply one model’s certificate or rating to another glove.
6. Inspect the Glove Before Use
Do not use gloves showing damage or contamination that may reduce protection:
- Holes
- Open or weakened seams
- Worn surfaces
- Hardened material
- Damaged lining
- Moisture
- Oil contamination
- Chemical contamination
- Reduced flexibility
- Loss of grip
The original laboratory result does not describe the condition of a worn glove.
7. Match the Glove to the Workplace Risk Assessment
The workplace risk assessment should determine which EN 407 test positions and performance levels are relevant. Selection must also consider how often exposure occurs, which glove areas are exposed, whether mechanical or chemical hazards are present, and whether another standard—such as EN 388 or EN 12477—also applies to the task.
Specialist tip: Select the glove from the complete hazard profile, model-specific documentation, construction, condition, and intended application—not from one number or the phrase “heat-resistant gloves.”
Common EN 407 Misunderstandings
EN 407 ratings are often misread as overall protection scores, continuous-use temperatures, or proof of suitability for every heat-related task. In reality, each code position represents a separate laboratory test. The complete code, exact model documentation, glove condition, intended use, and workplace risk assessment must all be considered before selecting protective gloves.
EN 407 Myths vs Facts
| Common Claim | Verdict | Correct Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| EN 407 measures cut resistance | Myth | EN 407 evaluates thermal risks. Cut resistance is assessed under EN 388. |
| Every EN 407 code contains six numerical ratings | Myth | Code positions may contain Levels 1–4, X, or 0, depending on the declared result. |
| X means the glove failed | Myth | X means that no performance level is declared for that test position. |
| Level 4 means maximum overall heat protection | Myth | Level 4 is the highest classification only within the specific test position where it appears. |
| A 500°C rating means continuous safe handling | Myth | 500°C is the controlled test temperature for contact heat Level 4; it is not a continuous-use temperature rating. |
| Thicker leather automatically produces a higher rating | Myth | Performance depends on the tested glove assembly, including the outer material, insulation, lining, seams, and construction. |
| One EN 407 score is enough for glove selection | Myth | The complete six-position code and workplace risk assessment must be reviewed. |
| EN 407 alone certifies a glove for welding | Myth | EN 12477 is the welding-specific standard for protective gloves used in manual metal welding, cutting, and allied processes. |
| Certification guarantees complete protection | Myth | Real protection also depends on correct selection, fit, glove condition, exposure, maintenance, limitations, and proper use. |
Conclusion: EN 407 reports separate laboratory results for defined thermal hazards. It does not measure cut resistance, provide one overall protection score, establish continuous handling temperatures, or independently confirm welding-glove suitability. Buyers must verify the complete model-specific code, applicable standards, documentation, condition, and intended use.
Where to Access the Official EN 407 Standard
The complete EN 407 standard is copyrighted and should be obtained from an authorized standards organization or licensed subscription service. Public summaries can explain its structure and classifications, but the official document should be consulted when exact test procedures, requirements, marking rules, or conformity decisions are needed. CEN confirms that European Standards are copyright-protected and distributed through its national members.
Recommended Official Sources
- BSI: Provides access to BS EN 407:2020 through purchase or subscription.
- National standards body: Obtain the nationally adopted EN 407 edition from the recognized standards body in your country.
- CEN member organization: CEN members adopt European Standards as national standards and make them available nationally.
- Authorized standards provider: Use a provider licensed to distribute the applicable national edition.
- Organizational standards subscription: Suitable when several employees require controlled, copyright-compliant access.
- EUR-Lex: Use EUR-Lex to verify PPE Regulation (EU) 2016/425 and current Official Journal references to harmonized PPE standards.
Important Source Note
Do not reproduce substantial tables, clauses, figures, or other copyrighted content from EN 407 without permission. Explain technical requirements in original language, use only limited quotations where justified, and cite an authorized standards source. Full requirements, test procedures, and normative wording should be checked in a legally obtained copy of the applicable standard edition.
The complete standard can be purchased or accessed through the Official BSI Page For BS EN 407:2020.
EN 407 Ratings When Comparing Heat-Resistant Gloves
Compare heat-resistant gloves using the exact model-specific EN 407 code, declared standard edition, tested area, construction, intended use, and supporting documentation. Do not compare models from one isolated level or an advertised temperature. Two gloves with the same contact-heat level may differ in flame behaviour, radiant heat, molten-metal performance, coverage, dexterity, lining, and manufacturer limitations.
How to Compare Two Heat-Resistant Glove Models
| Comparison Area | What to Verify | Why It Matters |
|---|---|---|
| Product Identification | Exact model number and declared EN 407 edition | Ratings and documentation must apply to the exact product. |
| Thermal Performance | Complete six-position code and tested protection area | Each code position represents a different thermal hazard. |
| Material System | Outer material, thermal lining, insulation, seams, and reinforcement | Performance depends on the complete tested glove assembly. |
| Coverage and Control | Cuff length, wrist coverage, dexterity, grip, and fit | Protection must not create unsafe handling or exposed areas. |
| Documentation | Certificate, EU Declaration of Conformity, and manufacturer instructions | Documents support model-specific performance and conformity claims. |
| Application | Intended use, exposure conditions, care instructions, and limitations | A laboratory rating is valid only within its declared context. |
Conclusion: Compare EN 407 gloves using the complete model-specific thermal code, construction, coverage, documentation, intended use, and manufacturer limitations. One identical rating does not prove that two gloves provide the same overall protection or workplace suitability.
What Welding-Glove Buyers Should Know
Welding-glove buyers should not rely on EN 407 alone. EN 12477 specifically addresses protective gloves for manual metal welding, cutting, and allied processes, while relevant EN 407 and EN 388 results describe parts of the thermal and mechanical performance profile. Buyers must also evaluate glove construction, coverage, dexterity, welding process, exposure level, and model-specific documentation.
Review Model-Specific Thermal Performance
EN 407 Key Takeaways
EN 407:2020 provides a six-position thermal-performance code for protective gloves and other hand protection. Each position reports a separate laboratory test, not part of one overall grade. Correct selection requires the complete model-specific code, documentation, glove construction, manufacturer limitations, intended use, and the thermal hazards identified through the workplace risk assessment.
- EN 407 evaluates six defined thermal hazards.
- Each code position represents a separate laboratory test.
- Levels from different positions are not directly comparable.
- Level 4 is not an overall glove grade.
- A 500°C contact-heat result is not a continuous-use rating.
- X and 0 communicate different results.
- EN 407 does not measure mechanical protection.
- EN 407 alone does not establish complete welding-glove suitability.
- Buyers must verify model-specific documentation.
- Selection must match the workplace risk assessment.
ARASWELD High Heat Protection Welding Gloves 932°F (500°C)
Frequently Asked Questions
What Is the EN 407 Standard?
EN 407 is the European standard for protective gloves and other hand or arm protection against thermal risks. It specifies performance requirements, laboratory test methods, classifications, marking, and manufacturer information for flame, contact heat, convective heat, radiant heat, small molten-metal splashes, and large quantities of molten metal. It is used with EN ISO 21420.
What Does EN 407:2020 Cover?
EN 407:2020 covers protective gloves and other hand or arm protection intended for professional, consumer, or domestic use against defined thermal hazards. It addresses limited flame spread, contact heat, convective heat, radiant heat, small molten-metal splashes, and large quantities of molten metal. It does not replace standards specifically covering welding or firefighting gloves.
How Do You Read an EN 407 Rating?
Read an EN 407 rating from left to right beneath the applicable pictogram. Each of the six positions represents one thermal test and may show a performance level from 1 to 4, an X where no level is declared, or a 0 where the minimum Level 1 requirement was not achieved. Interpret every position separately.
What Do the Six Positions in an EN 407 Code Mean?
The six positions represent, in order: limited flame spread, contact heat, convective heat, radiant heat, small molten-metal splashes, and large quantities of molten metal. Each position uses a different test method and classification system. The complete code is therefore a thermal-performance profile, not one combined, average, or overall glove score.
What Does X Mean in an EN 407 Code?
X means that no performance level is declared for that test position. The test may not have been performed, may not be applicable or suitable for the glove assembly, or the manufacturer may not claim that property. X is not a numerical performance rating and should not automatically be interpreted as a failed test.
What Does 0 Mean in an EN 407 Code?
A 0 means the product falls below the minimum performance level for that individual thermal hazard. This differs from X, which indicates that the test was not performed or that the method may be unsuitable for the glove design or material. A zero should not be treated as declared protection against that hazard.
What Does EN 407 Contact Heat Level 4 Mean?
EN 407 contact heat Level 4 means the tested glove assembly achieved a threshold time of at least 15 seconds during laboratory contact with a surface heated to 500°C. The classification is based on a defined temperature rise behind the material. It is a controlled test result, not a continuous-use or universal safe-handling temperature.
Does a 500°C Rating Mean Continuous Safe Handling?
No. A 500°C contact-heat classification does not mean continuous safe handling at 500°C. Real heat transfer depends on contact time, pressure, surface area, material conductivity, glove insulation, moisture, wear, contamination, and repeated exposure. The result only shows that the tested assembly met the specified threshold under controlled laboratory conditions.
What Is the Difference Between Contact, Convective and Radiant Heat?
Contact heat is transferred through direct contact with a hot object. Convective heat is transferred through flames, hot gases, or moving heated air. Radiant heat reaches the glove as thermal radiation without direct contact. Because these mechanisms use different test procedures and measurements, a glove may achieve different performance levels in each EN 407 position.
Does EN 407 Measure Cut Resistance?
No. EN 407 evaluates thermal risks, not cut resistance. Mechanical hazards such as abrasion, blade cut, tear, puncture, ISO 13997 cut resistance, and optional impact are assessed under EN 388. A glove intended for combined thermal and mechanical hazards may carry separate EN 407 and EN 388 performance markings.
Can Protective Gloves Have Both EN 388 and EN 407 Ratings?
Yes. A protective glove may have both EN 388 and EN 407 ratings when it is designed and assessed for mechanical and thermal hazards. EN 388 describes its mechanical-risk performance, while EN 407 describes its thermal-risk performance. Neither standard replaces the other, and both codes must be interpreted separately for the exact glove model.
Does EN 407 Apply Directly to Welding Gloves?
Not directly. EN 407 evaluates defined thermal properties, but EN 12477 is the welding-specific standard for gloves used in manual metal welding, cutting, and allied processes. Welding-glove selection must also consider mechanical protection, construction, coverage, dexterity, welding process, intended use, and model-specific documentation rather than relying on EN 407 alone.
What Changed Between EN 407:2004 and EN 407:2020?
EN 407:2020 superseded the 2004 technical edition and revised parts of the scope, test provisions, mechanical-strength requirements, marking, and manufacturer information. It also added other hand-protection equipment, a new pictogram, and new annexes. Because the editions are not identical, buyers should verify the exact edition stated in the product documentation.
Is EN 407:2020 a Harmonized European Standard?
As of 12 July 2026, EN 407:2020 is the current technical edition, but it is not the EN 407 edition referenced in the EU harmonized-standards list. Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2026/1279 lists EN 407:2004. Buyers should recheck the current Official Journal because harmonized references can change.
How Should Buyers Verify EN 407 Certification?
Buyers should verify the exact model, manufacturer, standard edition, complete six-position code, pictogram, tested protection area, PPE category, intended use, and limitations. They should also check the EU Declaration of Conformity and, where applicable, the EU type-examination certificate, notified body, certificate scope, validity, and manufacturer instructions.
Do EN 407-Rated Gloves Guarantee Complete Protection?
No. EN 407 ratings describe controlled laboratory performance for defined thermal hazards; they do not guarantee unlimited or complete workplace protection. Actual protection depends on correct hazard selection, fit, coverage, exposure duration, pressure, glove condition, moisture, contamination, wear, maintenance, manufacturer instructions, and the findings of the workplace risk assessment.
